Copper nanoparticles and copper oxide nanoparticles are widely used in different fields

Since the deletion mutants showed similar root length as the 1RS line, we decided to focus on the 14 genes expressed in roots that were deleted in both the 1RS duplication and the adjacent and orthologous 1BS insertion . Although the annotated functions of these genes based on conserved domains and homology will require further …

CEC is defined as the total sum of exchangeable cations that are adsorbable by the soil

Uptake of NPs by the root has been observed at primary and lateral root junction as well according to the transverse slice. Figure 2a is one transverse slice localized at the arrow in Fig. 3c showing the junction between primary root and lateral root. We found that the yttria NPs were absorbed by the lateral roots, and particulates …

Data were acquired with a MTP DAS-1 resistivity meter with 8 potential channels

To minimize these ambiguities and to develop a more robust approach for non-invasive in-situ root imaging, we aim to develop iCSD inversion code that does not rely on prior assumptions on root architecture and function and use rhizotron experiments to validate the iCSD approach.The phrase “inversion of Current Source Density” was introduced by Łęski et al. to …

Nitrogen hastened economic maturity of the celery

Ammoni losses does not appear to be a very significant pathway for loss. Soil pH decreased markedly a few centimeters from the emitter .An experiment was conducted to evaluate celery response, N uptake and N leaching as related to form, amount, and method of N-fertilizer application under drip irrigation . Fertilizer forms included ammonium sulfate and …

The activity of NHXs plays a significant role in the transport of K+ into the vacuole

In the rice genome, there are at least five NHX members with OsNHX1-OsNHX4 belonging to the type-I and OsNHX5 to the type-II . The operation of the NHXs also affects the pH gradients across the different luminal compartments . Both type-I and type-II NHXs have different subcellular localization; they may have different mechanisms in salt …

Farmers can also become more independent from vacillations in supply and prices of fossil fuels

With a special emphasis on vineyards, which have higher wood C stocks than annual cropping systems, the paper considers the relative contributions of different land use regimes in contributing to carbon storage. Following an explanation of field methods, data analysis, and research findings, we examine some of the opportunities and limitations facing growers in the …

The OBO Foundry initiative provides a variety of tools including an ontology import feature

Examples include the GO for attributes of gene products such as subcellular localization, molecular function or biological role, and Plant Ontology for plant attributes such as developmental stages or anatomical parts. When data are associated with appropriate ontology terms, data interoperability, retrieval and transfer are more effective. In this section, we review the challenges and opportunities in …

A large share of the population lives in rural areas and engages in subsistence production

Increasingly, so are its related up- and down-stream activities in input supply, food logistics, food processing, retail, and food services, which, together with agriculture, make up the broader agri-food system . The AFS remains a major employer, particularly in poorer countries and for the poorer segments of society . Much hope is vested in the …

This change was made in an effort to finally force an agreement on agriculture

One major reason Japanese farmers have been so successful in pushing their policy preferences and forestalling liberalizing trade agreements is that the main groups in other countries that traditionally challenge farmers by supporting liberalization, namely consumers, business, and the food industry, are either unwilling or unable to challenge the JA’s preference for protection . Moreover, …

Blair agreed but asked Fischler to drop the capping of direct payments in exchange

The deal to not cut the CAP budget was extracted by France in exchange for supporting enlargement, and allowed the budget to increase by 1% each year until 2013 . This agreement was a major victory for France and the CAP, as the EU’s multi-annual financial framework at the time called for an automatic annual …