An announcement from the French government in favor of the CAP reform quickly followed

Production had been increasing far more rapidly than consumption, resulting in the accumulation of massive stocks. Excess goods were then dumped onto an already stagnant world market, angering the EU’s trading partners. This problem of surplus dumping was one of the core sources of tension in the GATT that was forestalling progress toward an agreement. …

These additional pressures bring about a difference in the actors involved

While both types of negotiation scenarios may be motivated by a similar set of core common pressures, including the budget, environment, and rural community, at times of disruptive politics, additional pressures including trade negotiations and enlargement come to bear. When the CAP is considered in an environment of politics as usual, the actors involved are …

An over-quota tariff of 50% applies to any imports in excess of the TRQ amount

The average agricultural tariff in Korea is 62% , which is considerably higher than the average applied tariff of 11.2% on manufactured goods . Of all Korea’s agricultural tariffs, only about 2% are zero and only about 15% are less than 10% . At the other end of the spectrum, about 10% of the tariffs …

The genes encoding hundreds of Bt toxins have been sequenced

Next-generation computational frameworks can examine the complex N interactions in crop systems to inform management, prioritize research, and increase understanding of the complexities. These computational frameworks include statistical models, process-based mechanistic simulation models, and hybrids of the two . Such decision-support tools explore all facets of N in the soil-crop interface—from gene expression, crop physiology, …

A partial explanation for this situation lies in the semantic history of the term

Moreover, the fact that one system is not as productive as another—which is only one of many measures of performance in an agricultural system—does not mean that it can be transformed through simple imitation. Adaptation, as understood in ecology and evolution, is not “adaptation towards” some target or end goal, but “adaptation from” some starting …