Periodic spring and summer disking kept bare-ground middles free of weeds

The trial was initiated in late fall 2000 in a drip-irrigated vineyard near Greenfield, Calif., and continued through the 2005 harvest. The vineyard was established in 1996 with Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chardonnay on Teleki 5C rootstock. Vine spacing was 8 feet between rows and 6 feet within rows. Annual rainfall normally ranges from 4 to …

Dispositional optimism refers to having generalized expectations for positive outcomes

This conclusion is evidenced by how the explicit self-attachment to blendedness accounts for a weaker implicit Self + Harmony association, implicit harmony’s independence from any of the explicit acculturation and outcomes measures, and how bicultural individuals showed a significantly implicit stronger self-attachment to harmony relative to self + blendedness association. This line of reasoning is …

The IAT measures differential associations through reaction time

Concepts are also assumed to be activated by external stimuli. The presence of schemas does not mean that they influence cognition in a continuous fashion in all cases. Whether a schema is influential or not depends on the principles of availability, accessibility, salience, and applicability . Availability refers to storing associative information in memory. In order …

The results were expressed in milligram malvidin-3-glucoside per gram of skin

Another disadvantage of growing table grapes in subtropical areas is that high temperatures during ripening can inhibit anthocyanin biosynthesis in the berries from V. labrusca and hybrid cultivars . This results in inadequate fruit color, and thereby a decrease in market acceptance and the potential economic value of the commodity . The seedless table grape …

Strawberries can be divided into two main groups according to their flowering habits

While traditional biparental populations have been effective for QTL discovery, pedigree-based analysis in multi-parental populations using FlexQTL™ has been increasingly applied, as pedigree breeding and maintenance of clones across generations are common in strawberry. Pedigree-based analysis in complex family structures has allowed the simultaneous detection of multiple QTL alleles and the quantification of their phenotypic …

Respondents were also asked to rate their level of interest on a number of topics

Center researcher Jan Perez worked with members of the campus’s Food Systems Working Group, including UCSC Dining Services, Community Agroecology Network, and Students for Organic Solutions to develop a web-based survey designed to find out what the UCSC community thinks about food system issues. Survey results will help the groups find potential support for their …

HPLC-grade ethanol and acetonitrile were purchased from Sigma Aldrich

The column used was a PLRP-S 100A 3 µm 150 x 4.6 mm at 35 °C, and the injection volume was 10.0 µl. Mobile phase A was water with 1.5 % phosphoric acid, while mobile phase B was 80%/20% acetonitrile/ mobile phase A. The gradient used was 0 min 6% B, 73 to 83 min 31% B, 90 …

The sugar levels of all tested grapes were either equal to or considerably higher than other fruits tested

The percentage of eggs that developed to adults decreased with the increasing egg density per gram of fruit probably due to intra-specific competition, and this was further confirmed by manipulating the egg density and using the same ‘Bing’ cherry cultivar as the tested host. Females preferred larger fruit for oviposition, which is consistent with the …

Etemadieh looked into using SOFC system for data center application

The membrane electrode assembly is made up of anode and cathode electrodes and an electrolyte which is sandwiched between the two electrodes. The electrodes are permeable to gas so that the gases can make contact with the electrolyte. Points at which the gas, electrode, and electrolyte meet are points where an electrochemical reaction can occur which …

The Expert Panel members were a mix of practitioners and researchers in the field of interest

Increasing the frequency of raspberry harvests means that fruit is harvested sooner, thus reducing the availability of ripe fruit in the field. SWD primarily targets red fruit that is fully ripened or overripe.While SWD also infest fruit before they ripen, this damage is less pervasive. Even if SWD infestations are present in less ripe fruit, …