Domesticated tomato plants are often said to be self-fertilizing

In contrast, the floral odors that attract moth pollinators have been more extensively researched. In this study we determined that CMV infection induced changes in olfactory cues emitted by Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato plants in ways that could be perceived by the bumblebee Bombus terrestris, and confirmed in tomato that this was associated with quantitative and …

A heightened aortic AIX is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular events

The bioavailability and tissue distribution of phytochemicals in humans are key factors that need to be clearly established and associated with their biological effects. The fate of phytochemicals in the body, including absorption, metabolism, and distribution, may vary according to the categories of phytochemicals. Ingested polyphenols can be absorbed from the stomach or the small …

We then computed weighted UniFrac9 distances to compare metabolomic profiles

These chemical relationships are represented as a chemical tree that can be visualized in the context of sample metadata and molecular annotations obtained from spectral matching and in silico annotation tools. We show that such a chemical tree representation enables the application of various tree-based tools, originally developed for analyzing DNA sequencing data, for exploring mass-spectrometry data. …

Knockouts were repeated until all of the plant species were lost from the network

Most pollinators are generalist foragers that can, in some contexts, switch between plant species within a single foraging bout . When pollinators are promiscuous within a single foraging bout, they may transfer heterospecific pollen to floral stigmas, which can have negative effects on both male and female elements of plant reproduction . While heterospecific pollen …

The most abundant phenolic compound found in extracts of the blue elderflowers was IR

An alkane series was run under the same chromatographic conditions to determine retention indices. Confirmation of identification was performed by comparing the mass spectra and retention indices with those of standards when possible or literature values when standards were not accessible. Relative response was calculated by normalizing peak area for each compound to the internal standard …

For blackberry the same cultivar has been evaluated but in three different farms

This design was implemented based on the assumption that volatiles from treatment plots may be blown or diffuse beyond treatment plots. Berries were brought to the laboratory to determine number of eggs in fruit for each of the plots using a dissecting microscope. All soft or damaged fruits were excluded when assessing presence of eggs. …

Exceptions to this rule are the hybrid musk roses

The five-year project is part of an effort funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture to improve scientific knowledge about organic systems and to strengthen the Central Coast network of organic farmers and agricultural researchers . Dan Schmida of Sandpiper Farms is the study’s grower cooperator. Other UCSC researchers involved in the project include Center …

Field evaluation of B. bassiana for citrus thrips management

Data were analyzed using a 3-way ANOVA with density of seed , application of B. bassiana , and date as factors . Unrecovered insects were counted as missing data and were not included in the analysis. The commercial blueberry test site selected was located north of Bakersfield in Delano, CA. The trial began in August of …

RNAi control methods suppress the expression of certain target genes by importing dsRNA

Many studies have revealed that dormancy plays a crucial role in assisting insects in responding to various phenological environments, including the phenology of different host fruits . The dormant state of tephritids was determined by the rate of growth and development. Therefore, genes associated with development are crucial factors that regulate the adaptation of phenology …

How gut microbial community dynamics modifly sap-feeder fitness is less well understood

For those less familiar with the Apprenticeship, it is a six month, full-time organic training for up to 38 apprentices from around the world. The roots of the program extend to the arrival of Alan Chadwick at UCSC 40 years ago, when he and a group of student “apprentices” created the Student Garden Project . Apprentices …