The inclusion of these variables allows us to control for both the level and the direction of net worth and profit. Apparently, there is a large degree of overlap between the operational and financial risks of a firm being captured by some of these variables. “The world food order is increasingly fragile, supplemented by ad hoc food assistance programs, and countered by alternative agricultures”. Food systems in the world are the basis for food production, the social characteristics of behavior, and the governmental programs associated with these activities. Due to the increased complexity of food insecurity in a highly developed country like the US, hydroponic fodder system more diversified research has been conducted in order to demystify its causes. On average, food travels more than 1600 km from farms to plate and more than 15% of American households were located in food deserts.
Having one of the fewest supermarkets per capita , Texas’ food system disconnect is one of if not the worst nationwide.Main stream US food system is of global large scale where farmers, corporations, and government programs synchronize their activities in order to ensure food security. Nevertheless, a network of “Smaller-scale, locally oriented, flexibly organized farms and food producers” has been progressing all over the country in order to close the gaps in food shortages. The idea of civic agriculture is the origin of current industrialized food system which offers hope of connecting the broken social ties and ailing communities. Civic agriculture in general can be grouped into five main categories: home gardeners, community gardeners, charity growers, educational gardeners,and market growers . Multifaceted inter-correlated factors are inherent to each of these measures.
Preliminary research has not proven its affordability . Examples of spatially spreading food models inTexas include farmers market, food coops, and master gardeners.Although there is evidence that small-scale, local agricultural models positively affect social and communityties, the literature is inconclusive about the social benefits of civic agriculture. Can a small local farmer’s market or a food coop break the cycle of a global or a national unevenly distributed food system?The purpose of this study is to thoroughly examine this possibility for a distinctive state like Texas. Establishing food system fairness is essential to a civic society where social aspects connect the economy with the state.The study of access to fresh food in Texas measures the extent to which civic agriculture is fostering fairness in the state’s food system. Despite the presence of many governmental programs like the Farm Bill, Food Surplus Commodities Corporation, and Food Stamp Program; field crops benefit most from the mainstream industrialized food system,aeroponic tower garden system indicating the increased demand for food security especially for low incomeresidents.Researchers have different views of the role of civil society. Some argue that it has the ability to fortify and build itself by some people’s united actions as in the example of civic groups that are active in the community and its politics. Others see the need for the government to take care of all the community needs while others argue that the society needs to embed economic transactions in its structure but with prioritizing individuals’ needs.
Applying this to food system, by incorporating local food systems within the society in the form of civic agriculture, the community can strengthen its social links, which supports justice in the food system. Overall, this study supports the theory of increasing the number of fresh food outlets can combat spread of food deserts. The spatial distribution of farmers market has significant association with food insecurity in Texas. Census tracts in food deserts have many correlated factors that call for a more thorough investigation; where the factors of age, sex, race, income,obesity, education attainment, and health risk can be investigated concurrently in order to understand the effects of their interactions.While previous nation-wide research concluded that farmers markets were not significant for the whole country but were significantly inversely associated to health issues like obesity rates, the findings from this study suggest a number of interesting implications of the potential of civic agriculture to resolve food insecurity in Texas. Being black increases a Texan’s resident odds of being in a food desert by 3%, by 1% for American Indians, 4% for Asians, and 9% for other races. Living in an urban census tract increases the odds of being in a food desert by 630% and for each 1 mile increase in distance to farmers market, there is a 103% increase in the odds of being in a food desert.