Prices are not updated to the current year to make these results comparable to Lu et al.’s study in 2003; input and output prices have changed at different rates during the past 10 years and some prices could not be recovered from Lu et al. This assumption does not affect lessons from this study.Three SV …
Author Archives: nature2022
We develop general conditions and then adapt them for empirical use with available data
Many studies have applied portfolio theory to explain acreage allocation in production agriculture . These applications and many since have been primarily applied to crop acreage decisions assuming linear technology and most are in a static setting. This literature, which grew out of Nerlovian models of supply response , is generally based upon adaptive interpretations of …
The three catchments have similar precipitation and soil characteristics
The lack of major effects in either season reflect the nature of the modeling scenario: recall that these islands are treated as “pre-flooded”— with salinity levels set the same as the surrounding channels; this corresponds to long-term conditions or near-term flooding under high river-flow conditions within the Delta, not the near-term effect of a “Big …
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The PEY had comparable increases in the CA categories under the cropping systems
Rice–wheat generated the maximum economic return with CA, which was 29.0% higher than with the conventional practice . Increase in economic return was similar among the maize–wheat, rice–maize and other systems. Crop-based analyses showed higher yields for wheat and maize than for rice under CA practices . Crops in the ‘others’ category exhibited a 3.8% increase in …
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A short lasting fall or spring frost lasts a few hours and can cause substantial damages
Part of the modeled gains in consumer surplus are enjoyed elsewhere, as the majority of pistachio output is currently exported. However, export demand is usually considered more elastic than domestic demand, making the share of local consumer surplus gains disproportionate to the share of local consumption. At a share of 1/3 of total consumption, let …
Soil at both sites was fumigated once a year in summer over a two-year period
Enzyme activities can be used as an index of microbial functional diversity, although accumulated enzymes may contribute considerably to the overall enzyme activity of a soil. A semi-quantitative method to determine enzyme protein contents in soil based on the specific activities of reference enzymes and enzyme activity values of soils was reported by Klose and Tabatabai in …
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We estimated nitrogen input from biological fixation for soybean
To reflect the trend of farm energy efficiency gains, we adopted the estimates from the widely used GREET model , which shows an efficiency increase of about 30% for corn and soybean growth over the last decade. Few studies exist on cotton and wheat on-farm energy change, thus we assumed a similar 30% efficiency gain …
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Agricultural imports grew at an average rate of 5.9 percent over the same time period
However, the real value of China’s agricultural trade grew at only 2 percent per year, on average, from 1980 to 1996. The overall composition of China’s agricultural trade is presented in Tables 1 through 3. Tables 1 and 2 report exports and imports, respectively, over the five year 1992-96 time period. For the purposes of summarizing …
We focus on responses from landscape managers and golf course managers
About 60% of respondents are aged 45 and above, and only about 17% are aged 25-35. While this might be the result of the age distribution in the major fields of occupation which are potential CIMIS users, it could also be that the current interface of CIMIS caters less to younger potential users who might …
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Farmers need to know that they won’t suffer economically to implement these measures
Future work could explore the genomes of these ASVs to discern why they are important in their respective agricultural systems and test the hypothesis that they serve as keystone species using synthetic communities. Concluding whether adaptive plant-microbe feed backs result in an M × R interaction leading to shifts in other rhizosphere processes is complicated by …